environmental factors.R2

https://electrek.co/

environmental factors of the EVs in comparison to ICE vehicles

oct 2023

questions that need answers.

Is mining for the elements that go into batteries actually worse than digging for oil and gas?

This is a difficult subject because of two things: the actual mining process and the pollutants produced by the automobile once it is constructed. It is difficult to say which option is worse, but according to electrek.co, Transport and Environment, a non-governmental organisation, conducted research on the subject and discovered that only 30 kilogrammes of metals would be lost after recycling an electric car battery pack, while the average gas-powered car will burn 300 to 400 times that weight in gas over the course of its lifetime. The study also highlights that petroleum extraction and refining are also extremely energy intensive.
Key findings from T&E's investigation, I discovered T&E determines how much is 'consumed' or 'lost' during the course of an EV by factoring in the recycling of the battery cell components and the fact that the bulk of the metal content is recovered. Around 30 kilogrammes of metals would be lost (not recovered) under the EU's current recycling recovery rate target.
In contrast, the analysis reveals that the weight of fuel or diesel burnt over the course of a typical vehicle's lifespan is around 300–400 times greater than the total weight of metals "lost" from battery cells. An ordinary ICE automobile consumes over 17,000 litres of gasoline over the course of its lifespan, which is the same as stacking 90-meter-tall oil drums.
Over the next ten years, technological advancements will reduce the amount of lithium needed to make an EV battery by half. Cobalt requirements will decrease by more than 75 percent, while nickel requirements will reduce by almost 5 percent.
In 2035, recycling may provide more than a fifth of the lithium, nickel, and 65% of the cobalt required to manufacture a new battery. 
According to T&E, there will be adequate battery production in Europe between the years 2025 and 2030 to supply the demand for electric automobiles. 

This material was beneficial since it helped me comprehend the issues that have persisted since the advent of EVs. The source was helpful since it lists all the electric vehicles and demonstrates that they are not as ecologically benign as we are lead to think.

From this piece of research i learned;

the life time emissions of ICE car is 300-400 larger than that of an EV.

the demands for minerals for batteries will be reduced through technological advancements and recycling will contribute to there being adequate battery production in Europe to meet demand for EVs between 2025 and 2030.

this leads me to want to research the technological factors contributing to the mass takeover of EVs.